Der Gesichtsausdruck einer Person gibt uns wichtige Hinweise auf ihre Emotionen, aber es kommt selten vor, dass Menschen Emotionen nur aus dem Gesicht einer Person ablesen. Wir verlassen uns auch auf eine Reihe anderer Eigenschaften und Hintergrundwissen, um die Gefühle einer Person einzuschätzen

>Berio and Newen propose that recognizing emotions is a sub-process of our ability to form an overall impression of a person. In doing so, people are guided by certain characteristics of the other person, for example physical appearance characteristics such as skin color, age and gender, cultural characteristics such as clothing and attractiveness as well as situational characteristics such as facial expression, gestures and posture.
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>Based on such characteristics, people tend to quickly assess others and immediately associate social status and even certain personality traits with them. These associations dictate how we perceive other people’s emotions. “If we perceive a person as a woman and they show a negative emotion, we’re more likely to attribute the emotion to fear, whereas with a man it’s more likely to be read as anger,” as Berio points out

>In addition to the perception of characteristics and initial associations, we also hold detailed person images that we use as background information for individuals in our social circle – family members, friends and colleagues. “If a family member suffers from Parkinson’s, we learn to assess the typical facial expression of this person, which seems to indicate anger, as neutral, because we are aware that a rigid facial expression is part of the disease,” says Berio.
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>The background information also includes person models of typical occupational groups. “We hold stereotypical assumptions about the social roles and responsibilities of for example doctors, students and workmen,” says Newen. “We generally perceive doctors as less emotional, for example, which changes the way we assess their emotions.”

Paper: [I expect you to be happy, so I see you smile: A multidimensional account of emotion attribution – Berio – Philosophy and Phenomenological Research – Wiley Online Library](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/phpr.13113)